A planning support system for boosting walkability

This study introduces a walkability planning support system (W-PSS), a novel framework designed to revolutionise urban walkability within the 15 min city concept. The W-PSS stands out for its approach that develops a new walkability index, underscores pertinent explanatory variables and introduces a methodology for sculpting diverse walkability scenarios using the multiscale geographical weighted regression model, which achieved an adjusted R² of 67.3%. Central to the findings is the significant role of employment density in enhancing walkability, and the nuanced interplay between commercial and population densities. A particularly insightful revelation is the unexpected negative correlation between cycling and walkability, emphasising the need for a meticulous strategy to avoid cyclist–pedestrian conflict by harmoniously integrating and balancing both modes. While cities with robust public transit showed limited room for enhancement, safety and green space emerged as opportunities for refinement. Informed by these insights, this research furnishes tailored scenarios and policy recommendations to foster enhanced walkability in urban landscapes. While the W-PSS framework offers a universal PSS model for assessing and improving walkability, the study acknowledges that the concluded insights and implications vary based on each city's unique characteristics. Therefore, the application and the interpretation of results should be tailored.