Antibodies to PfsEGXP, an early gametocyte-enriched phosphoprotein, predict decreased plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density in humans

Christian P. Nixon, Christina E. Nixon, Ian C. Michelow, Rayna A. Silva-Viera, Bonnie Colantuono, Aisha S. Obeidallah, Ambrish Jha, Dominique Dockery, Dipak Raj, Sangshin Park, Patrick E. Duffy, Jonathan D. Kurtis

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background. Antigametocyte-specific immune responses may regulate Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density, providing the rationale for pursuing transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) that target gametocytes in the human host. Methods. To identify novel antigametocyte TBV antigens, we interrogated the gametocyte proteome with our whole proteome differential screening method using plasma from a treatment-reinfection study conducted in western Kenya. At the start of the high-transmission season, 144 males (12-35 years) were enrolled and treated with quinine and doxycycline, peripheral venous blood samples were obtained, volunteers were observed, and weekly blood films were obtained for 18 weeks to quantify gametocytemia. Using plasma pooled from individuals with low versus high gametocyte carriage, we differentially screened a P falciparum gametocyte stage complementary deoxyribonucleic acid expression library. Results. We identified 8 parasite genes uniquely recognized by gametocyte-resistant but not by gametocyte-susceptible individuals. Antibodies to one of these antigens, PfsEGXP, predicted lower gametocytemia measured over the 18-week transmission season (P = .021). When analyzed dichotomously, anti-PfsEGXP responders had 31% lower gametocyte density over 18 weeks of follow-up, compared with nonresponders (P = .04). Conclusions. PfsEGXP is one of the first reported gametocyte-specific target of antibodies that predict decreased gametocyte density in humans and supports our novel TBV antigen discovery platform.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1792-1801
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Infectious Diseases
Volume218
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - 20 Oct 2018

Keywords

  • Gametocytes
  • Naturally acquired immunity
  • Plasmodium falciparum

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