TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis among men with hypertension
AU - Jae, Sae Young
AU - Carnethon, Mercedes R.
AU - Heffernan, Kevin S.
AU - Choi, Yoon Ho
AU - Lee, Moon Kyu
AU - Fernhall, Bo
PY - 2007/6
Y1 - 2007/6
N2 - Background: Carotid atherosclerosis is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and may represent hypertension-related target organ damage. Cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive men. We tested the hypothesis that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are inversely associated with the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in a cross-sectional study of 2532 (53.2 ± 8.5 years old) hypertensive men. Methods: Men with hypertension (defined as systolic over diastolic blood pressure of ≥140/90 mm Hg or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication) underwent maximal exercise treadmill testing with expired gas analysis. Carotid atherosclerosis was defined as stenosis of >25% and/or intima-media thickness of >1.2 mm using B-mode ultrasonography. Results: The overall prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was 13.4%. The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness category (low 22.5%, moderate 10.9%, and high 8.7%; P < .001 for trend). After adjusting for established risk factors, high and moderate fitness were associated with lower odds ratios for having carotid atherosclerosis, 0.63 (95% CI 0.47-0.85) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.41-0.92), respectively, compared with low fitness. Each metabolic equivalent increment higher peak oxygen uptake was associated with 11% (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.97) lower prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusions: These results suggest that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are inversely associated with the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive men.
AB - Background: Carotid atherosclerosis is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and may represent hypertension-related target organ damage. Cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive men. We tested the hypothesis that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are inversely associated with the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in a cross-sectional study of 2532 (53.2 ± 8.5 years old) hypertensive men. Methods: Men with hypertension (defined as systolic over diastolic blood pressure of ≥140/90 mm Hg or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication) underwent maximal exercise treadmill testing with expired gas analysis. Carotid atherosclerosis was defined as stenosis of >25% and/or intima-media thickness of >1.2 mm using B-mode ultrasonography. Results: The overall prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was 13.4%. The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness category (low 22.5%, moderate 10.9%, and high 8.7%; P < .001 for trend). After adjusting for established risk factors, high and moderate fitness were associated with lower odds ratios for having carotid atherosclerosis, 0.63 (95% CI 0.47-0.85) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.41-0.92), respectively, compared with low fitness. Each metabolic equivalent increment higher peak oxygen uptake was associated with 11% (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.97) lower prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusions: These results suggest that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are inversely associated with the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive men.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34249274874&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ahj.2007.02.035
DO - 10.1016/j.ahj.2007.02.035
M3 - Article
C2 - 17540202
AN - SCOPUS:34249274874
SN - 0002-8703
VL - 153
SP - 1001
EP - 1005
JO - American Heart Journal
JF - American Heart Journal
IS - 6
ER -