Abstract
Transit-oriented development (TOD) pursues sustainable urban development through compact growth, mixed-use zoning, and pedestrian-friendly neighborhood design in cooperation with transportation planning. Seoul has actively developed urban rail transit since the 1970s based on a TOD concept, and each station’s areas have differently evolved throughout the history of ur-banization in Seoul. In response to investigating the complications of current TOD, this paper eval-uates TOD characteristics through accessibility and clustering analysis methods and categorizes TOD types using the targeted 246 subway station areas at the neighborhood level. As a result, subway TODs are grouped into the four distinct categories of (1) high-density: a form of mainly mixed-use with residential and retail development and good accessibility; (2) moderate-density: average accessibility and high-mixed use; (3) compact business district setting: highly accessible to offices and retail; and (4) compact housing: high-rise apartments with schools and retail. The results also find that Cluster 2 is the most common TOD type and redevelopment possibility in Seoul, with relatively lower ranks in the building floor area (GFA) and diversity in comparison to other TOD contexts. Cluster 3 has the most significant transit demand, generating an active transit environment in Seoul. Different urban development periods impact the characteristics of TOD types.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 3047 |
Journal | Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2 Mar 2021 |
Keywords
- Active transit-oriented development (TOD)
- Clustering analysis
- Pedestrian acces-sibility
- Subway station typology
- Urban sustainability