Design error reduction: Toward the effective utilization of building information modeling

An advocated panacea for reducing design errors and rework in construction and engineering projects is building information modeling (BIM). Yet, it would appear that advocates of BIM have overlooked why and how design errors occur. In this article, the nature of error is explained and the principal underlying causes identified with reference to the normative literature and the authors phenomenological research. A systemic model for reducing esign errors is presented and the enabling role of BIM discussed.