Enhancing power density of PEMFC with narrow distribution zone using parallel serpentine hybrid flow field

Renewable energy technologies, such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), are critical for achieving a sustainable energy future. This study investigates the influence of flow-field configurations on the performance of PEMFCs by introducing a hybrid design that combines parallel and serpentine flow channels. The hybrid configuration, termed Narrow Hybrid (NH), integrates serpentine paths into a narrow distribution zone to enhance reactant distribution, water management, and power density. Experimental and numerical results indicate that the NH design achieves superior flow uniformity and reactant delivery compared to conventional Narrow Parallel (NP) and Wide Parallel (WP) designs. The NH flow field effectively balances pressure drops, reduces mass transport resistance, and maintains stable performance under high humidity and stoichiometric conditions. These findings highlight the potential to advance renewable energy solutions, particularly in automotive applications.