Impact of Demand-Solar Irradiance Correlation on the Optimal Sizing of ESS for PV Generators

Photovoltaic generation is highly sensitive to weather changes, resulting in significant diurnal variations. In addition to diurnal variations, energy demand is also influenced by the climate of the demand region. These factors can lead to reduced system stability and profitability, making the integration of Energy Storage System (ESS) with PV farms even more critical. In this context, it is essential to consider the impact of the correlation between solar irradiance and demand on the optimization of ESS capacity and scheduling. This article analyzes the impact of the correlation between irradiance and demand on ESS planning in PV systems, considering three distinct climate scenarios. For this purpose, correlation coefficients are calculated, and the ESS's size and schedule are optimized in each scenario. The optimization focuses on maximizing annual profits by determining the optimal ESS size and daily schedule. The Pearson correlation coefficient is used for correlation analysis, while the Gurobi Optimizer is employed for ESS optimization. In conclusion, the optimal ESS size was derived differently across scenarios with varying correlations, suggesting that considering the solar irradiance-demand correlation in the installation region when integrating ESS with a PV system could enhance cost efficiency.