TY - JOUR
T1 - Organically modified low-grade kaolin as a secondary containment material for underground storage tanks
AU - Moon, Chul Hwan
AU - Lee, Jai Young
AU - Oh, Byung Taek
AU - Choi, Sang Il
PY - 2007/8
Y1 - 2007/8
N2 - Batch scale reactions were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of modified low-grade kaolin for the treatment of petroleum contaminants. Low-grade kaolin, which has been unvalued as material in the mining process because of its low quality for commercial products, was modified with HDTMA (hexadecyl-trimethylammonium), and its efficiency was compared with that of HDTMA-modified bentonite, which is used as a secondary containment barrier for underground storage tanks. The sorption capacity and hydraulic conductivity of both the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin were investigated and showed distribution coefficients in the sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene ranging between 45.7 and 583.7 and 57.0 and 525.1, respectively. The hydraulic conductivities were 2.53 × 10-8 and 5.62 × 10-8 cm/s for the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin, respectively. These results suggest that HDTMA-modified low-grade kaolin could be used as a hydraulic barrier against advection migration of petroleum contaminants. Simulation of the one-dimensional transport of benzene through a liner made of either one of the compounds was also performed. These results also showed that HDTMA-modified kaolin more effectively retards the transport of benzene.
AB - Batch scale reactions were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of modified low-grade kaolin for the treatment of petroleum contaminants. Low-grade kaolin, which has been unvalued as material in the mining process because of its low quality for commercial products, was modified with HDTMA (hexadecyl-trimethylammonium), and its efficiency was compared with that of HDTMA-modified bentonite, which is used as a secondary containment barrier for underground storage tanks. The sorption capacity and hydraulic conductivity of both the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin were investigated and showed distribution coefficients in the sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene ranging between 45.7 and 583.7 and 57.0 and 525.1, respectively. The hydraulic conductivities were 2.53 × 10-8 and 5.62 × 10-8 cm/s for the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin, respectively. These results suggest that HDTMA-modified low-grade kaolin could be used as a hydraulic barrier against advection migration of petroleum contaminants. Simulation of the one-dimensional transport of benzene through a liner made of either one of the compounds was also performed. These results also showed that HDTMA-modified kaolin more effectively retards the transport of benzene.
KW - BTEX
KW - HDTMA
KW - Low-grade kaolin
KW - Secondary containment
KW - Underground storage tanks
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34547154712&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10653-007-9099-8
DO - 10.1007/s10653-007-9099-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 17505892
AN - SCOPUS:34547154712
SN - 0269-4042
VL - 29
SP - 271
EP - 280
JO - Environmental Geochemistry and Health
JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health
IS - 4
ER -