Possible fetal bovine serum-reduced boost cultivation of DF-1 by supplementation with plant peptones and yeast extracts

To reduce the fetal bovine serum (FBS) and enhance the DF-1 proliferation, three plant peptones and three yeast extracts were incorporated into culture medium. The concentration of FBS in the medium varied from 0 to 10%, and the enhanced cell viability was evaluated within the predetermined range for supplementation. In each specific concentration range, the viability was enhanced by the supplementation compared to the control group. In particular, the medium containing 6.25 mg/mL wheat peptone and 1.25% FBS demonstrated a significant increase in viability. This beneficial effect can be attributed to the incorporation of suitable free amino acids (FAAs), peptides, carbohydrates (excluding free sugars), or trace elements through supplementation. Regarding FAAs, the enhanced cell proliferation by glutamate, glutamine, alanine, and non-essential FAAs was contingent upon the specific type of supplementation. The proliferation was suppressed by serine, histidine, threonine, arginine, tyrosine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, essential FAAs, and particularly lysine.