Predicting Temperature Loads in Open Car Parks of Piloti Structures Exposed to Real Fire Accidents

This paper presents a study to numerically predict fire loads for open car parks of piloti structures subjected to real fire accidents involving car fires and to provide a basis for performance-based fire-resistant design of buildings. Numerical models to simulate the fire in open car parks were built using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, fire dynamic simulator (FDS). A validation study for the CFD modeling methodology of the fire model was performed using previous experimental and analytical studies. Fire scenarios for open car parks subjected to fire and the corresponding simulation matrix were established based on the validated numerical model in consideration of design parameters including the fire source, arrangement of vehicles, structural planning, and material characteristics. Results for the considered fire scenarios in the open car parks were provided using the parametric numerical results, with an emphasis on distributions of temperatures and fire durations.