Abstract
In this letter, we describe the measurement of reflection-induced penalties in Raman amplified systems. We find that the reflection-induced inband crosstalk power ratio (Rc) provides a convenient means for predicting system penalties from crosstalk due to either a pair of discrete reflections or a discrete reflection combined with Rayleigh backscattering, occurring under a variety of system parameters, such as fiber attenuation, Raman gain efficiency, Raman pump power, mode field size, connector reflectance, and fiber length, A 1-dB penalty in our optically preamplified receiver is observed when the reflection-induced inband crosstalk level is -25.2 dB for nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) signals and -22.8 dB for 50% return-to-zero signals. We also estimate the penalties of multispan systems using Rc per span. We find, for instance, that a Raman amplified system consisting of 30 spans with an Rc of -40 dB per span would sustain a 1-dB penalty for NRZ signals.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 573-575 |
Number of pages | 3 |
Journal | IEEE Photonics Technology Letters |
Volume | 14 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 2002 |
Keywords
- Inband crosstalk
- Multipath interference
- Raman amplifiers