Resident Perceptions of Nature-Based Solutions for Flood Mitigation in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Nature-based solutions (NBS) involve the sustainable maintenance, management, and restoration of natural or modified ecosystems. Flooding is a major problem in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and has significant social and economic ramifications. This study tries to suggest creative solutions that support human welfare and biodiversity while simultaneously resolving social problems by adopting NBS. An online survey using convenience and snowball sampling was conducted to assess the openness of Phnom Penh residents to adopting NBS for flood mitigation in their homes or buildings. The survey investigated perceptions of NBS effectiveness based on previous knowledge and flood risk perception. Results revealed a strong correlation between perceived efficacy and willingness to adopt NBS. Specifically, flood risk perception and prior knowledge significantly influenced the perceived effectiveness of NBS. Key findings indicate that high installation and maintenance costs, lack of awareness, limited space, cultural factors, and perceived ineffectiveness are primary barriers to NBS adoption. Additionally, specific regional factors contribute to reluctance in certain areas of Phnom Penh. To overcome these barriers, the study recommends that the Cambodian government and other stakeholders invest in public education campaigns to raise awareness about the benefits of NBS. Financial incentives and subsidies should be provided to reduce the economic burden on residents. Furthermore, integrating NBS into urban planning and infrastructure development is crucial to enhance community resilience against floods.