Strategic wind farm placement for improved voltage stability and active power loss reduction using reactive power sensitivity analysis

Wind power is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based electricity generation, addressing rising energy demands. However, integrating wind power into electrical grids presents challenges due to its inherent variability and intermittency, leading to voltage instability and affecting system reliability. To mitigate these issues, if properly placed, wind power plants (WPPs) can leverage the reactive power control of wind turbines equipped with voltage source converters (VSCs). This paper presents a strategy for optimizing wind farm placement using reactive power-voltage sensitivity analysis and loss reduction. The approach identifies optimal bus locations for wind farms by evaluating the impact of reactive power injection on voltage profiles and overall power loss. Simulations of the proposed strategy on standard IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 39-using PSCAD show that strategically placed wind farms can significantly improve voltage stability, enhance voltage profiles, and reduce power losses.